固定化细胞法脱除二氧化硫

运用正交实验确定了海藻酸钠包埋法制备固定化细胞的最优操作条件,并研究了固定床生化反应器中固定化细胞对低浓度SO2废气的去除能力.结果表明,制备固定化细胞的最优条件是:细胞量为0.3 g、海藻酸钠质量浓度为3%、氯化钙质量浓度为4%、固定时间为14 h.在无喷淋液体、气体停留时间为5 s、SO2入口浓度低于7 mg/L时,固定化细胞对SO2的净化效率达90%、最大生化去除量为240 mg/(L.h).固定化细胞的降解能力可以通过向反应器中鼓入空气并喷淋液体的方式在2 h内得到恢复.上述结果说明利用固定化细胞去除SO2废气是可行的.     

肌红蛋白在水/有机混合溶液中的电化学和电催化特性

用海藻酸钠（Sodium Alginate，SA）将肌红蛋白（Mb）固定在热裂解石墨电极表面，制备了Mb．SA膜修饰电极．包埋在SA膜中的Mb在磷酸盐缓冲溶液（PBS）和乙醇混合溶液中与电极直接传递电子，得到一对对称的Mb辅基血红素Fe（Ⅲ）／Fe（Ⅱ）电对的氧化还原峰，式电势为-0．339V（vs SCE）．式电势随PBSpH值增加而负移且成线性关系，直线斜率为-47．0mV／pH，说明肌红蛋白的电子传递过程伴随有质子的转移．并研究了Mb-SA膜修饰电极在PBS和乙醇混合溶液中催化还原H2O2和催化六氯乙烷脱氯，该修饰电极可用于H2O2和六氯乙烷的定量检测．     

抗癌丝裂霉素白蛋白微球的制备及体外释药性能

以人血清白蛋白为载体材料,精制棉籽油为油相,采用乳化热固法制备了抗癌丝裂霉素C白蛋白微球,对丝裂霉素C白蛋白微球的粒径、载药量、包封率以及药物的体外释药等特性进行了研究。结果表明,采用乳化热固法制备的白蛋白微球平均粒径为500 nm;丝裂霉素C白蛋白微球的平均载药量为2.98μg/m g,包封率为61.2%,在体外具有明显的药物缓释效果。     

醚化海藻酸钠/聚丙烯酸钠凝胶在有机溶剂中的聚集态变化

以醚化海藻酸钠(ESA)与一定中和度的丙烯酸(AA)为单体、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂、过硫酸铵-亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂,采用水溶液法合成了醚化海藻酸钠(ESA)/聚丙烯酸钠[P(N aAA)]吸水性复合凝胶。考察比较了凝胶在不同组成比的水/丙酮混合溶剂中的平衡含水率。结果表明:丙烯酸中和度为60%时,凝胶饱和吸水率随着丙酮含量的增加连续下降;丙烯酸中和度为70%和90%时,凝胶在溶剂的介电常数分别为46.6和64.1时发生不连续收缩现象(体积相变);随着溶剂中水含量的增加,扩散系数(Dt)也增大,溶剂中Hφ2O<0.4时,凝胶的溶胀表现出non-F ick-ian扩散行为,当φH2O=0.4时,凝胶的溶胀主要表现出F ick ian动力学行为。     

Preparation of molecularly imprinted microspheres by photo-grafting on supports modified with iniferter

Molecularly imprinted microspheres (MIMs) of D-mandelic acid were synthesized in this study. Chloromethylated polystyrene beads modified with iniferter were used as supports for photo-grafting of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) layer. The polymers were characterized by FT-IR, elemental analysis and thermo-gravimetric analysis to testify the polymer formation and its thermal stability. Scan- ning electron micrographs (SEM) show that the MIP particles are mono-dispersed and well-spherical, with the average diameter of 4.38 μm and size distribution coefficient of 1.02. Furthermore, the MIMs were packed in a stainless steel column and evaluated as stationary phases in high performance liquid chro- matography (HPLC). The prepared MIP exhibited a considerable capability of chiral separation between template and its enantiomer. Accordingly, this kind of MIP is likely to have wide applications in chemical sensing, chromatographic analysis and solid phase extraction.     

壳聚糖-海藻酸钠包被猪血红蛋白微囊的制备

采用乳化凝胶法研制壳聚糖-海藻酸钠包被的猪血红蛋白微囊.结果表明:壳聚糖-海藻酸钠-血红蛋白微囊具有较佳的形态和较小的粒径,平均粒径1μm,且具有相对较窄的高斯分布;血红蛋白在微囊中包埋率超过90%,从微囊中持续释放时间达1个月以上.壳聚糖-海藻酸钠-血红蛋白微囊有望成为可供静脉注射用的具有缓释作用的人工携氧治疗剂.     

Molecular aspects of pathogenesis in osteoarthritis: the role of inflammation

Arthritic diseases cause enormous burdens in terms of pain, crippling, and disability. Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of arthritis, is characterized by a slow progressive degeneration of articular cartilage. The exact etiology of OA is not known, but the degradation of cartilage matrix components is generally agreed to be due to an increased synthesis and activation of extracellular proteinases, mainly matrix metalloproteinases. Insufficient synthesis of new matrix macromolecules is also thought to be involved, possibly as a consequence of deficient stimulation by growth factors. Although OA is defined as a noninflammatory arthropathy, proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 have been implicated as important mediators in the disease. In response to interleukin-1, chondrocytes upregulate the production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E₂, two factors that have been shown to induce a number of the cellular changes associated with OA. The generation of these key signal molecules depends on inducible enzymes and can be suppressed by pharmacological inhibitors.     

聚合物与弹性微球二元复合段塞调剖效果研究

采用填砂管岩心流动实验,通过在模拟油层渗透率情况下测定一定浓度聚合物溶液、微球悬浮溶液、聚合物与弹性微球复合体系在岩心中调剖时的阻力系数变化过程,探究聚合物与弹性微球二元复合段塞的调剖效果。结果表明,弹性微球在注入过程中阻力系数呈波动式上升,具有很高的残余阻力系数,其调剖效果好于聚合物。聚合物/弹性微球二元复合段塞中,聚合物主要起到增加黏度的作用,携带微球溶液进入地层。微球溶液起到深部调剖的主导作用。实验得出聚合物(浓度500 mg/L)/弹性微球(浓度1 000～2 000 mg/L)的复合段塞调剖能够发挥较好的封堵效果。     

电泳沉积海藻酸钠/碳纳米管修饰高模碳纤维表面

采用纳米材料增加碳纤维（CF）的表面粗糙度及活性官能团,不仅可以改善CF增强复合材料的界面结合状态,而且不会对CF本体造成损伤,是一种极具发展潜力的新型CF表面改性手段。使用电泳沉积技术（EPD）将碳纳米管（CNTs）沉积在高模CF表面,然后与环氧树脂（EP）复合,制备了单向纤维增强层压板（CF/EP复合材料）。使用万能拉力机测试CF/EP复合材料的层间剪切强度（ILSS）,结果表明,在电压为6 V时制备的CF/EP复合材料的ILSS为58.9 MPa,与未经EPD处理的CF/EP复合材料（ILSS=52.2 MPa）相比提高了12.8%。同时,通过EPD制备了海藻酸钠与CNTs共沉积修饰的高模CF,海藻酸钠的加入增加了CNTs与CF表面的黏附性及氧含量,提高了纤维表面对树脂基体的浸润性。当CNTs的质量浓度为0.3 mg/mL、海藻酸钠的质量浓度为1 mg/mL、EPD电压为8 V时,所制备的CF/EP复合材料的ILSS可达68.3 MPa,与未经EPD处理的CF/EP复合材料相比提高了30.8%。     

海藻酸钙-超声辅助的多种雌激素增强生物降解

通过向土壤样品溶液中添加海藻酸钙并辅以超声,提高多种雌激素(E1,E2,E3,EE2和BPA)的生物降解效率,采用中心复合设计及响应曲面优化方法确定最优降解条件,并通过生物降解性能关系(QSBR)分析雌激素理化性质对生物降解的影响.结果表明:在海藻酸钙增强生物降解体系中,5种雌激素同时降解的最优条件为超声3min,海藻酸钙的质量分数为5%,菌液添加量6mL;优化降解3d后,E1的降解率约为100%;7d后E3,BPA,EE2和E2的降解率分别约为52.65%,96%,96.90%和100%;雌激素的极性表面积(PSA)、辛醇-水分配系数(lg Kow)和表面张力为影响雌激素生物降解的主要参数;极性表面积和辛醇-水分配系数的交互作用、辛醇-水分配系数和表面张力的交互作用对雌激素的降解均表现为协同作用.